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ABSTRACT
Coverage of Hepatite B in Cuiabá-MT, from 2000 to 2008.
Introduction: Hepatitis B is a disease than can result in serious complications, and
also progress to a fulminant form or chronicity. It is also considered as one of the
main causes of liver cancer. The earlier the infection occurs, the greater the risk of
chronicity. Vaccination is the most effective strategy for preventing hepatitis B. The
state of Mato Grosso presents low to medium level of endemicity of hepatitis B,
while the state capital, Cuiabá, has historically registered low rates of vaccination
coverage and high percentages of abandonment, according to data registered by the
system SI-API. Objective: To analyze the temporal trends of the immunization
coverage rate in the period of 2000-2008, to assess the homogeneity across the
regions, and to compare the administrative results with the data obtained by the
population-based household survey, using the indicators of the National
Immunization Program. Method: This is a descriptive study, based on secondary
data, including children less than one year of age, living in Cuiabá-MT, in the period
from 2000 to 2008. It compares the results of immunization coverage using the
denominators SINASC/IBGE, according to different sources of information:
administrative data from the information system SI-API and results of population-
based household survey on immunization coverage carried out in 2007, for the cohort
of live births born in 2005. Results: Vaccination coverage rates calculated using
administrative data ranged between 71.73% and 87.43% with SINASC
denominators, and between 71.69% and 91.24%, when IBGE denominators were
utilized. In the analysis of the coverage in 4 regions of Cuiabá, two of them presented
rates lower than the average value for the city (between 59% and 90%), while the
two other regions show average values ranging between 69% and 102%; these two
regions have more neighborhoods, and proportionally a lower number of health
assistance units. There was an increasing trend in vaccination coverage rates in the
period between 2004 and 2008, when utilizing IBGE denominators, and from 2004
to 2007, when SINASC was used. In spite of this increasing trend, the coverage did
not reach 95%. In all years and regions assessed, coverage was below the
recommended level and homogeneity was below 70%. The abandonment rate in the
period was considerably high for the third dose (between 21% and 43%) and a low
value between the second and the third dose. We emphasize that the number of first
doses applied were higher than the established goals. According to the survey results,
coverage rates were higher than 90%, being similar to results obtained with the IBGE
denominators. There were no associations between socioeconomic status and
vaccination coverage, either using socioeconomic stratum or variables classifying the
household. Ninety percent of the children received the first dose of the hepatitis B
vaccine up to 1 month of age, and only 10% of these received the vaccine in during
the first 24-hour period after birth. Low abandonment rates were observed in the city
(0.6%). Discussion and Conclusions: In spite of the different methodologies, the
differences observed in the results obtained through administrative data or
population-based household survey revealed the inconsistency of data. Vaccination
coverage in the city districts is lower than 95%, indicating that there is a need for
intervention in all regions of the city. The delayed application of the first dose